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Thrust
Hlavačka, Milan
The designation as a police operation was in 1871 newly regulated by empire law. This measure has primarily affected poor people and their families. The freedom of movement and choice of residence has been restricted by the thrust.
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Rumford’s Soup and Other Delicacies. The Poor Man’s Diet in the Habsburg Monarchy in the First Half of the 19th Century
Franc, Martin
The subject of this essay is the standard dietary composition in the poor sections of society in the Central european Habsburg Monarchy during the first half of the 19th century. Thee study does not cover instances of emergency situations such as those of famine or war. According to the data recorded in sources, the standard diet of the poor was unexceptionally dominated by the vegetable component, at that time still comprised largely of flour-based food including bread, whereas potatoes served as a staple food for the poor only in certain localities. Another important dietary component were pulses and, as a valuable supplement, also other vegetables and fruit.
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Nový kult as a Platform for the Socially Excluded?
Kořínková, Lucie
This essay deals with the anarchist review Nový kult, published and edited by the author S. K. Neumann. The focus here is on period after the year 1900, when Neumann persued his self-proclaimed aims in attempting to transform what was originally a social and cultural magazine into a purely political mouthpiece which would have aspired to find a mass-scale repercussion among the working classes, and would thereby become an ideological platform for bringing together the “intelectual” and “pragmatically oriented” streams of the anarchist movement. Basing herself in an analysis of the contents of Nový kult during the period under survey, as well as of how the journal’s policy envisioned its model reader, the author concludes that the implementation of the periodical’s original vision ran up against major obstacles, ending up in a state of affairs where it catered much rather to the interests and concerns of a radically oriented young intelligentsia whose members were at that time still finding it hard to assert themselves in practical life.
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Josef Kajetán Tyl’s Nocturnal Strolls. The Urban Periphery in the 1830s in the genre of scene from life
Piorecká, Kateřina
Around the mid-1830s, the genre from life, subsequently renamed to sketch, found its way into the Czech literary context. In terms of content, the genre’s focus was notably on the subject of urban life and its social aspects. The everyday reality of a big city and its geographical as well as social periphery had been previously viewed, from the aesthetic perspective of Czech society of the time, as a schockingly inappropriate theme. J. K. Tyl’s unfinished series of sketches, Z nočních potůlek po městách prazských (Nocturnal Strolls through Prague’s Quarters“), marked the first times Czech readers were confronted with the world of prostitutes, alcoholics and gamblers. In the mid-1830s, it represented, alongside Mácha’s Marinka, a unique attempt at introducing into Czech literature a previously tabooized theme, together with a new style of writing which could be defined as protorealistic.
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